{"id":4549,"date":"2019-07-15T12:25:52","date_gmt":"2019-07-15T09:25:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alexander-pol.org\/?post_type=portfolio&#038;p=4549"},"modified":"2019-07-20T09:33:39","modified_gmt":"2019-07-20T06:33:39","slug":"hto-takiy-oleksandr-pol","status":"publish","type":"portfolio","link":"https:\/\/alexander-pol.org\/uk\/portfolio-item\/hto-takiy-oleksandr-pol\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8220;\u0425\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u041e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c?&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id='av_section_1'  class='avia-section av-94q84a-06e4ca536f777bc53abb6f933ca05308 main_color avia-section-large avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_section  avia-builder-el-first  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><main  role=\"main\" itemprop=\"mainContentOfPage\"  class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-4549'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-jy48w0we-a4f007e3b5efe695707e40f0ef90c8f7\">\n#top .av-special-heading.av-jy48w0we-a4f007e3b5efe695707e40f0ef90c8f7{\npadding-bottom:20px;\nfont-size:40px;\n}\nbody .av-special-heading.av-jy48w0we-a4f007e3b5efe695707e40f0ef90c8f7 .av-special-heading-tag .heading-char{\nfont-size:25px;\n}\n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-jy48w0we-a4f007e3b5efe695707e40f0ef90c8f7 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:40px;\n}\n.av-special-heading.av-jy48w0we-a4f007e3b5efe695707e40f0ef90c8f7 .av-subheading{\nfont-size:15px;\n}\n\n@media only screen and (min-width: 480px) and (max-width: 767px){ \n#top #wrap_all .av-special-heading.av-jy48w0we-a4f007e3b5efe695707e40f0ef90c8f7 .av-special-heading-tag{\nfont-size:0.8em;\n}\n}\n\n@media only screen and (max-width: 479px){ \n#top #wrap_all 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id=\"style-css-av-8nxvy2-61a6b3578d84d329f4b3edeb822a04fe\">\n.flex_column.av-8nxvy2-61a6b3578d84d329f4b3edeb822a04fe{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-8nxvy2-61a6b3578d84d329f4b3edeb822a04fe av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-4  el_before_av_two_fifth  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-8gzmoq-5da6d1905bb56a4603eec216f4cbc332 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>\u041d\u0430 \u0441\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0456, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e, \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043c. \u0414\u043d\u0456\u043f\u0440\u0430 \u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0446\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0431\u0456\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e. \u041b\u044e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0434\u044f\u043a\u0438 \u044f\u043a\u0456\u0439 \u0414\u043d\u0456\u043f\u0440\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0434\u044f\u043d\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0404\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0443, \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0434\u044f\u043a\u0438 \u044f\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0445&#8217;\u044f\u0440\u0443\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0410\u043c\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0414\u043d\u0456\u043f\u0440\u043e \u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0404\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044f, \u0441\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0439.<\/p>\n<p>\u0422\u0430\u043a \u044f\u043a \u0436\u0435 \u043c\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0457 \u041e. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0456 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0445?<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-8nxvy2-d6523464521aa0b0bff7cac69786aec8\">\n.flex_column.av-8nxvy2-d6523464521aa0b0bff7cac69786aec8{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-8nxvy2-d6523464521aa0b0bff7cac69786aec8 av_two_fifth  avia-builder-el-6  el_after_av_three_fifth  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><div  class='avia-video av-jxd6j890-8d6ac9ec2010bb61f3475fcb491b4c0b avia-video-16-9 av-no-preview-image avia-video-load-always av-lazyload-immediate av-lazyload-video-embed'  itemprop=\"video\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\"  data-original_url='https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-JLElEGfFYA'><script type='text\/html' class='av-video-tmpl'><div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\u0414\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044f. \u0420\u0456\u043a \u043f\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443. \u0427\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043d\u0456\u043f\u0440\u044f\u043d\u0438 \u0445\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u041e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c?\" width=\"1500\" height=\"844\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-JLElEGfFYA?feature=oembed&autoplay=0&loop=0&controls=1&mute=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/div><\/script><div class='av-click-to-play-overlay'><div class=\"avia_playpause_icon\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_3'  class='avia-section av-jxd6ic2f-8ae91b3df61604d94f148621e78ce710 main_color avia-section-small avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-8  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-4549'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-8nxvy2-61a6b3578d84d329f4b3edeb822a04fe\">\n.flex_column.av-8nxvy2-61a6b3578d84d329f4b3edeb822a04fe{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-8nxvy2-61a6b3578d84d329f4b3edeb822a04fe av_one_third  avia-builder-el-9  el_before_av_two_third  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-5ra5ld-f1d7c03cb97b005d1116afe73c869af0\">\n.avia-image-container.av-5ra5ld-f1d7c03cb97b005d1116afe73c869af0 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0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-8nxvy2-d6523464521aa0b0bff7cac69786aec8 av_two_third  avia-builder-el-11  el_after_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-8gzmoq-5da6d1905bb56a4603eec216f4cbc332 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>\u041b\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c<\/strong>.\u00a0 \u0421\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043a &#8211;\u00a0 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u0443\u0442\u00a0 28.07.1890 \u0440. \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0437 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c \u041e. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0414\u043d\u0456\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u044e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0417\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0437\u0430\u043b<\/strong>. \u041e. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0437 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0456\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0456\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0456. 15 \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430 1873 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0456 \u043f\u0430\u0441\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0443\u0445\u0443 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0456\u044f \u043c\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0443\u0442\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0457 \u0404\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0456 \u2013 \u041b\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430-\u041e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0456\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a \u0437 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0433\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0404\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432, \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044e 208 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442. \u0406 \u0437 \u0446\u0438\u043c \u043c\u0456\u0446\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432&#8217;\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0443 \u0432 \u0404\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0456. \u0421\u0430\u043c \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0437\u0430\u043b \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0443 1884 \u0440\u043e\u0446\u0456.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0447\u0430 \u0433\u0456\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0456\u044f<\/strong>. \u0417\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0446\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441 \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0456\u0457 \u0437\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u044e \u043f\u043b. \u0421\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0430 4. \u0423 1844 \u0440\u043e\u0446\u0456 \u0442\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044f \u041e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_4'  class='avia-section av-jxd6ic2f-8ae91b3df61604d94f148621e78ce710 main_color avia-section-small avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-13  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-4549'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-8nxvy2-61a6b3578d84d329f4b3edeb822a04fe\">\n.flex_column.av-8nxvy2-61a6b3578d84d329f4b3edeb822a04fe{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-8nxvy2-61a6b3578d84d329f4b3edeb822a04fe av_two_third  avia-builder-el-14  el_before_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-8gzmoq-5da6d1905bb56a4603eec216f4cbc332 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>\u0411\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0456 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430.<\/strong> \u041d\u0438\u043d\u0456 \u043b\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044f \u0456\u043c. \u041c\u0435\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u044e \u0421\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0430 14. \u0423 1877-1880 \u0456 1887-1890 \u0440\u0440. \u041e. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0456\u043a\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043b\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0456.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043c<\/strong>. \u043f\u043b. \u0421\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0430 15\u0430. 15.09.1866 \u0440. \u041e. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0414\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0456 \u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0438.<\/strong> \u041f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0446 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0456\u0432\u00a0 \u0414\u041d\u0423, \u043f\u043b. \u0428\u0435\u0432\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430 1. 27.07.1858 \u0440. \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0456\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0456\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u0437 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0448\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0443 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043d.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1-\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435<\/strong>. \u0414\u041d\u0423, \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f.2, \u043f\u0440. \u042f\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e 36. \u0423 1882-1890 \u0440\u0440. \u041e. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0456\u043a\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0430 \u0456 \u0456\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0456\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0443 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0430.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041c\u0456\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0443\u043c\u0430.<\/strong> \u041a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0436 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438 \u0456 \u043c\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u0440. \u042f\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e 47. \u0423 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0456 1887 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0454 \u041e. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044e \u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f &#8220;\u041f\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0434\u044f\u043d\u0438\u043d \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430&#8221;.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-8nxvy2-d6523464521aa0b0bff7cac69786aec8\">\n.flex_column.av-8nxvy2-d6523464521aa0b0bff7cac69786aec8{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-8nxvy2-d6523464521aa0b0bff7cac69786aec8 av_one_third  avia-builder-el-16  el_after_av_two_third  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-4s2d5t-2fa08de4007ba882d968fa47f91b3873\">\n.avia-image-container.av-4s2d5t-2fa08de4007ba882d968fa47f91b3873 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-4s2d5t-2fa08de4007ba882d968fa47f91b3873 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-4s2d5t-2fa08de4007ba882d968fa47f91b3873 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-17  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-4525 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-4525 avia_image ' src='https:\/\/alexander-pol.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/02_muzei.jpg' alt='' title='02_muzei'  height=\"340\" width=\"340\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_5'  class='avia-section av-jxd6ic2f-8ae91b3df61604d94f148621e78ce710 main_color avia-section-small avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-18  el_after_av_section  el_before_av_section  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-4549'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-8nxvy2-61a6b3578d84d329f4b3edeb822a04fe\">\n.flex_column.av-8nxvy2-61a6b3578d84d329f4b3edeb822a04fe{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-8nxvy2-61a6b3578d84d329f4b3edeb822a04fe av_one_third  avia-builder-el-19  el_before_av_two_third  avia-builder-el-first  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-319ck1-6838b29edecf794cef38f96012e88482\">\n.avia-image-container.av-319ck1-6838b29edecf794cef38f96012e88482 img.avia_image{\nbox-shadow:none;\n}\n.avia-image-container.av-319ck1-6838b29edecf794cef38f96012e88482 .av-image-caption-overlay-center{\ncolor:#ffffff;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='avia-image-container av-319ck1-6838b29edecf794cef38f96012e88482 av-styling- avia-align-center  avia-builder-el-20  avia-builder-el-no-sibling '   itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\" ><div class=\"avia-image-container-inner\"><div class=\"avia-image-overlay-wrap\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" class='wp-image-4527 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-4527 avia_image ' src='https:\/\/alexander-pol.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/07\/03_amurskiy_most.jpg' alt='' title='03_amurskiy_most'  height=\"340\" width=\"340\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-8nxvy2-d6523464521aa0b0bff7cac69786aec8\">\n.flex_column.av-8nxvy2-d6523464521aa0b0bff7cac69786aec8{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-8nxvy2-d6523464521aa0b0bff7cac69786aec8 av_two_third  avia-builder-el-21  el_after_av_one_third  avia-builder-el-last  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><section  class='av_textblock_section av-8gzmoq-5da6d1905bb56a4603eec216f4cbc332 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p><strong>\u0411\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430<\/strong>. \u0432\u0443\u043b. \u041a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0437\u0432\u0456\u0437, 21-\u0430. \u0423 1874-1890 \u0440\u0440. \u041e. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0456\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041c\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0436\u0456\u043d\u043e\u0447\u0430 \u0433\u0456\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0456\u044f<\/strong>. \u0413\u0456\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0456\u044f \u211633, \u0432\u0443\u043b. \u0422\u0440\u043e\u0457\u0446\u044c\u043a\u0430 1. \u0423 1871-1890 \u0440\u0440. \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0456\u043a\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0433\u0456\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0456\u0457.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0410\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0456\u0439\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0443\u0431.<\/strong>\u00a0 \u0411\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0413\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0432\u0443\u043b. \u0412\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 14. \u0423 1838-1887 \u0440. \u0442\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0443\u0431, \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c \u044f\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u041e. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0410\u043c\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439 (\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0439) \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442.<\/strong> \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u043d\u0456\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044f. \u041e. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0437 \u0456\u043d\u0456\u0446\u0456\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u041c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0456\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a<\/strong>.\u00a0 \u0411\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0456\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0437 \u0446\u0435\u0433\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438, \u0437\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0456 \u041e. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044f. \u041e. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c \u044f\u043a \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0456\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0435\u043c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0421\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0421\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u044c.<\/strong>\u00a0 \u0420\u0435\u043c\u0456\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435, \u043e\u043f\u0456\u043a\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043c \u044f\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0432 \u041e. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><!-- close content main div --><\/div><\/div><div id='av_section_6'  class='avia-section av-jxd6ic2f-8ae91b3df61604d94f148621e78ce710 main_color avia-section-small avia-no-border-styling  avia-builder-el-23  el_after_av_section  avia-builder-el-last  avia-bg-style-scroll container_wrap sidebar_right'  ><div class='container av-section-cont-open' ><div class='template-page content  av-content-small alpha units'><div class='post-entry post-entry-type-page post-entry-4549'><div class='entry-content-wrapper clearfix'>\n\n<style type=\"text\/css\" data-created_by=\"avia_inline_auto\" id=\"style-css-av-8nxvy2-61a6b3578d84d329f4b3edeb822a04fe\">\n.flex_column.av-8nxvy2-61a6b3578d84d329f4b3edeb822a04fe{\nborder-radius:0px 0px 0px 0px;\npadding:0px 0px 0px 0px;\n}\n<\/style>\n<div  class='flex_column av-8nxvy2-61a6b3578d84d329f4b3edeb822a04fe av_one_full  avia-builder-el-24  avia-builder-el-no-sibling  first flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding  '     ><p><section  class='av_textblock_section av-8gzmoq-5da6d1905bb56a4603eec216f4cbc332 '   itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock'  itemprop=\"text\" ><p>\u041e\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0456\u043a \u043c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0443 \u041e. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044f. \u0413\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0435\u043a\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0456\u0457. \u0410\u043b\u0435 \u0432\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u0448\u043e\u043a \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u041e. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0432 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0456 \u0446\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u044c. \u041d\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0454 \u043d\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0456\u0432, \u043d\u0456 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0456\u0432, \u043d\u0456 \u0456\u043d\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0433\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043a. \u0410\u0434\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0446\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0456\u0431\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0448\u0435, \u043d\u0456\u0436 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u044e.<\/p>\n<p>\u0421\u0442\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0446\u044c, \u0441\u0442\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0456 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0449\u0438\u043d\u0438\u00a0 \u0456 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445, \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0456\u0445 \u0456 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0445 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0457\u0432.<\/p>\n<p><em>*\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0437 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u0406. \u041a\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430 &#8220;\u041e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c &#8211; \u0413\u0435\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0414\u043d\u0456\u043f\u0440\u0456&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<div  class='avia-video av-jyb5p4vv-a11775f13408732bbf586d2b8777bdf8 avia-video-16-9 av-no-preview-image avia-video-load-always av-lazyload-immediate av-lazyload-video-embed'  itemprop=\"video\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\"  data-original_url='https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=33EY35027l0&feature=youtu.be'><script type='text\/html' class='av-video-tmpl'><div class='avia-iframe-wrap'><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\u0413\u0435\u043d\u0456\u0457 \u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0430. \u041e\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\" width=\"1500\" height=\"844\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/33EY35027l0?feature=oembed&autoplay=0&loop=0&controls=1&mute=0\" frameborder=\"0\" 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